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Sub-Surface Aerators

These aerators provide natural-looking aeration by pumping air from the floor of your water body.

THE SCIENCE OF AERATION

How do sub-surface aerators work?

Sub-surface aerators don’t directly pump oxygen into your water. The oxygen comes from agitation at the surface of the water body. So, the air stations pump air (not oxygen) from the floor of your dam. The bubbles rise, dragging bottom waters to the surface, and when the bubbles reach the surface, they churn the surface water which encourages oxygen to be pulled from the atmosphere above. This is why deep water matters for sub-surface aeration; because the further these bubbles travel, the greater amount of aeration and mixing.

OUR RANGE

Choose from the following sub-surface aerators

Hakko

Matala

Vertex

OWS Windmill

Remote setup available

Have mains power within 200m of your waterbody? It's worth noting Matala and Vertex aeration systems can be installed in a remote setup where a mains-powered motor is positioned near the AC outlet and air is pump through hose buried in a shallow trench.

Watch a remote setup for a Matala install

(30 secs in)

off grid options

Solar conversions available for Matala and Vertex kits.

We can make any Matala or Vertex aeration kit solar powered by adding our USA manufactured solar drive, purpose-built for these types of compressors. The drive connects directly to your solar panels and incorporates an inverter, VFD, MPPT controller, phase initiator and voltage booster. Visit the Matala or Vertex aerator pages for more info.

expert Advice

Need help? I'm Scotty Tucker and I offer FREE advice

I'm happy to take a look at your dam [on Google Maps] and provide FREE advice on the right type of aerator, motor size and placement. I can also answer any questions you have on improving water quality.

customer story

3-Month Trial: Sub-Surface Aeration Improves Water in 6 Acre Lake

Dalton Lake was suffering from stratification, low dissolved oxygen, odours and algal blooms. The bottom waters were also very high in nutrients and highly depleted of oxygen. We recommended and supplied a Vertex large lake aerator with 5 quad-disc air stations. To test the effectiveness of the aerator, we had water samples taken at the time of installation and 3-months later.

99%

Ammonia reduction

95%

Phosphorus reduction

83%

Nitrogen reduction

How does sub-surface aeration work?

expert tip

Have a deep dam? Combine surface and sub-surface aerators for premium results.

If you have a deep dam, and you want the cleanest water possible, combine aerators to get the benefits of both. Surface aerators are better at aerating the top layers of water and sub-surface aerators are better at bringing bottom waters to the surface. The result is a much more mixed and aerated waterbody. We also have the option of mixing and matching sub-surface equipment, e.g. using a Vertex compressor with Matala in-water components. This offers you the best combo of price and quality, e.g. using higher quality electrical components with lower cost static components.

ANSWERS TO

Frequently Asked Questions

The biggest benefit of sub-surface aerators is the natural look, if that’s your thing. They are also lower cost to run, are more agile to fit odd shaped water bodies, islands, coves etc, and they are better suited to swimming dams because there is no power in the water. 

Sub-surface aerators encourage oxygen to be added to water. This oxygen encourages the growth of “good” (aerobic, oxygen-loving) bacteria. These bacteria consume nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus which algae and weeds depend on to survive. The “good” bacteria also eat sludge on the floor of your dam and decaying-organic debris in the water. Plus, they stop odours by outcompeting “bad” (anaerobic, oxygen-hating) bacteria which create these smells. 

Sizing a sub-surface aerator depends on several conditions, including sun exposure, water temperature, dam shape and depth, nutrient levels, surrounding land use etc. We would need to look at your water body’s specs to provide an accurate estimation. That said, below is a rough sizing guide for our Matala aerator. 

  • ¼ hp = ¼ to 1 acre lake 
  • ½ hp = ½ to 2 acre lake 
  • ¾ hp = Up to 4 acre lake 

Yes, more oxygen in your water encourages the growth of “good” (aerobic, oxygen-loving) bacteria. These bacteria consume nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus which algae and weeds depend on to survive. The “good” bacteria also eat sludge on the floor of your dam—fertiliser for algae and weeds—and decaying organic debris in the water. So, with a lot of aeration, you’ll see less algae and weeds.

Yes, sub-surface aerators are very safe for fish and aquatic life. Each air station is a membrane that ejects tiny bubbles, and the air can only move in one direction–out. So, they are safe for fish. Plus, more aeration in your water body is only going to make your fish happier. That said, there is a startup procedure to follow if there are fish in the dam. On day 1, turn it on for 15 mins. On day 2, turn it on for 30 mins. On day 3, turn it on for 1hr. Continue adding an hour each day until you reach 24/7 operation. This is to make sure the oxygen depleted water on the bottom doesn't mix too quickly causing stress for the fish, and even fish kills.

Our sub-surface aerator kits start at around $1,999 for the complete kit, i.e. everything you need to get set up. This would be for the Hakko aerator. 

A sub-surface aerator is more cost effective than a surface aerator when it comes to power usage. It obviously depends on the size of your water body and subsequent aerator motor size, but for a ¼ acre dam, the power would be equivalent to an electric kettle going to single boil.

Typically, our aerators last several years when not looked after but eclipse a decade for well-maintained equipment. Regular cleaning of air filters is the biggest motor-longevity factor. If filters are clean air flows in freely. If air filters are dirty, the motor works harder to pull in air causing it to run hot and reducing its lifespan. Maintenance also means applying a maintenance/service kit every 2 years for most rocking piston aerators. And monitoring air station flow, i.e. the bubble plumes, and every few months shutting off all but one air station, pushing all the air through it, and then doing the same for the remaining air stations, before resetting them to their previous valve settings.

Yes, we do. This is typically for customers close to Melbourne but we do travel for project work. We may also be able to refer you to a local installer, if we know of one in your area. Please reference this in your enquiry and we can provide an idea of the cost. We also have installation videos for those who want to go it alone. 

For the Hakko, 2m is the max depth. For Matala, Vertex and OWS, the deeper the better. Five metres is good. Ten metres is better. The air stations are more effective when placed deeper because the rising bubbles travel a greater distance, getting bigger and bigger. The result is greater mixing and greater surface agitation, aka greater aeration.

Check the FAQs on the respective aerators. Some aerators, e.g. rocking piston aerators, require a maintenance/service kit applied every 2 years. The good news is all maintenance is done onshore.

The air stations are essentially self-cleaning except for in the case where you don't run them for an extended length of time. That said, it's good practice to blast the air stations every few months by shutting off all but one air station, pushing all the air through it, and then doing the same for remaining air stations, before resetting them to their previous valve settings.

"Since WQS installed the aerator, we've not had a single algae problem. In our smaller ponds that are too small for aerators we used Biostim pellets on their own and have noticed a huge reduction in algae.”

Andy Hart

Horticultural Curator—Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Adelaide

“We had a nutrient-rich stormwater lake that was having continuous problems with algae. We were previously treating the nutrients with a liquid solution that would just end up getting flushed away with the outgoing water. Scott recommended we switch to Biostim pellets which were exactly what we needed.”

Giles Pickard

Environment Project Officer, City of Subiaco

“Visiting ducks and our pet geese were continuously fouling the dam. WQS recommended a number of systems to improve the water quality. We are very happy with our final choice, the windmill aeration system. This combined with the Biostim pellets and liquid are cleaning up the dirty dam. Everything WQS said would happen has happened!”

Greg Lewis

Canterbury, Victoria

“We had an urgent problem—our old irrigation system had blockages from weeds. Our dam was also riddled with black sludge. Scott recommended both aeration and biologicals and within six weeks the dam became so clear I could see to the bottom of it for the first time in years! I was chuffed that we could fix the issue without the use of chemicals.”

Michael Grant

Owner, Grant’s Citrus Farm
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